According to CoinMeta, Bank of America stated that the speech by Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh at Jackson Hole increased the pressure for a rate hike in September. Bank of America's interpretation is that Warsh's speech narrowed his room for maneuver, effectively raising the threshold for other options besides the September rate hike, and made the upcoming data a key factor in the meeting. Bank of America pointed out that Warsh has effectively committed to a September rate hike unless the data shows unusually weak performance.