According to CoinMeta, Wu said that ARK Invest and Glassnode jointly released a blockchain decentralization research report. The report indicates that in terms of the key control thresholds affecting block production, both Bitcoin and Ethereum require only 3 entities to reach the critical level, whereas Solana requires 19. However, the structure of mining pools and staking delegations means that this indicator cannot be directly equated with actual control rights. In terms of infrastructure, Bitcoin has the most balanced geographical distribution of nodes, with about 63% of nodes running through Tor. Ethereum has a higher dependence on cloud service providers, with about 20% of nodes managed by AWS. Solana's infrastructure, on the other hand, is basically operated in data centers.